Memphis is a melting pot of musical legacies. From the birth of blues on Beale Street to the rise of rock 'n' roll at Sun Studio, it's hosted some of the most significant moments in music history. 

In this blog, we'll explore the city's musical legends and the best places to explore its rich heritage. So grab the keys to your motorhome, tune your guitar and prepare to dive deep into the heart of Memphis and America's deep south.

The Origins of Blues, Soul, and Rock 'n' Roll in Memphis: A brief introduction

Memphis' musical roots run deep, with blues, soul and rock 'n' roll forming a trinity that continues influencing artists across the globe. 

But the city's musical journey really began with blues, a genre born from the struggles and triumphs of African American communities in the Mississippi Delta. By the early twentieth century, Memphis was a hub for blues musicians, drawn by opportunities on the city's bustling Beale Street.

Often referred to as the Home of the Blues, Beale Street was where artists like W.C. Handy, the Father of the Blues, shaped the genre into a more structured form. He combined elements of blues and African music with spirituals, ragtime, work songs and folk traditions. Handy's compositions, like Memphis Blues and St. Louis Blues, became the template for modern blues music. 

But as blues took root, Memphis became an epicentre for soul music. The city's unique blend of gospel, blues, and rhythm and blues created a deeply emotional and irresistibly danceable sound. At the forefront of this movement was Stax Records, where artists like Otis Redding, Sam & Dave, and Booker T. & the MG's crafted hits defining the genre. Stax became synonymous with the Memphis Sound, characterised by driving rhythm sections, powerful horn arrangements and impassioned vocal performances.

In the 1950s, a young truck driver named Elvis Presley walked into Sun Studio, a small recording studio on Union Avenue and changed the course of music history. Under the guidance of producer Sam Phillips, Presley (along with other pioneering artists like Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins and Johnny Cash) blended blues, country and rhythm and blues to create a new genre: rock 'n' roll. Sun Studio became known as the Birthplace of Rock 'n' Roll, and Memphis solidified its status as a crucible of musical innovation.

Memphis Legends of Blues, Soul, and Rock 'n' Roll

If you're looking to immerse yourself in musical Memphis (a perfect stopping place for American RV holidays), there are legends whose influence is impossible to ignore. These artists didn't just make music – they created cultural touchstones resonating with audiences worldwide. 

Here are seven iconic musicians alongside unmissable Memphis spots to explore their legacy.

B.B. King

Dubbed the "King of the Blues," B.B. King's legacy is woven into the fabric of Memphis. Known for his expressive guitar playing and heartfelt lyrics, King's influence extends far beyond the blues, impacting genres as diverse as rock, jazz and soul. 

Visit B.B. King's Blues Club on Beale Street to experience the spirit of this legend in a setting that celebrates his life and music. To dive deeper into King's roots, consider a trip to the Mississippi Delta, where the B.B. King Museum in Indianola tells stories of his life, career and tales of the Delta.

Elvis Presley

No trip to Memphis is complete without a pilgrimage to Graceland, the home of Elvis Presley. Known as the "King of Rock 'n' Roll," Elvis' impact on music and popular culture is immeasurable. 

Graceland offers a comprehensive look at his life, from humble beginnings to his meteoric rise to fame, with exhibits showcasing Presley's iconic jumpsuits, gold records, and even his collection of classic cars. The massive Elvis Presley's Memphis Complex (just across the street) provides a broader cultural context, with museums, shops, restaurants and more. 

To dive deeper into Elvis Presley's life and career, don't miss our guide to where to pay homage to "the King" in America's southern states.

Aretha Franklin

Though often associated with Detroit, Aretha Franklin, the "Queen of Soul," was born in Memphis. Her powerful voice and deep emotions made her one of the most influential artists in music history. 

Pay homage at the National Civil Rights Museum, where her music is recognised for its role in America's Civil Rights Movement. To further explore Franklin's roots, visit the nearby Soulsville neighbourhood and the Stax Museum of American Soul Music – helping visitors understand the deep connection between soul music and the fight for civil rights. 

Want to learn more about America's civil rights movement? Explore our interactive timeline and the civil rights trail, connecting over 100 sites of historical significance.

Johnny Cash

While Johnny Cash is often linked with country music, his early recordings at Sun Studio helped shape the sound of rock 'n' roll. The "Man in Black" blended country, rock, and blues to the genre, leaving an indelible mark on Memphis' musical heritage. 

Visit Sun Studio to see where Cash and other legends laid down tracks that changed music forever. For a more personal glimpse into Cash's life, the Memphis Music Hall of Fame offers exhibits on his contributions to music.

Otis Redding

Otis Redding, one of the defining voices of soul music, recorded some of his most iconic tracks at Stax Records. Known for his emotional delivery and timeless songs like "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay," Redding's contributions to soul music continue inspiring new generations. 

The Stax Museum of American Soul Music is the perfect place to explore the broader impact of the Memphis Sound. While there, you might find some public performances at the adjacent Stax Music Academy, where young musicians are trained in the soul tradition – ensuring the legacy of Redding and others lives on.

Jerry Lee Lewis

Jerry Lee Lewis, or The Killer, was a rock 'n' roll pioneer whose wild piano playing and energetic performances broke the mould in the 1950s. Recorded at Sun Studio alongside other legends, Lewis' hits like "Great Balls of Fire" and "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On" continue getting audiences up and dancing today. 

Experience his energy firsthand at Jerry Lee Lewis' Café & Honky Tonk on Beale Street. To delve even deeper into the rock 'n' roll scene, take a trip to Hernando's Hide-A-Way, a historic venue where Lewis performed so frequently he called it his "office"!

Howlin' Wolf

Howlin' Wolf, born Chester Arthur Burnett, is one of blues history's most powerful and influential voices. Known for his deep, growling vocals and electrifying performances, Howlin' Wolf's music bridged the gap between Delta blues and the urban blues sound of Chicago. 

His early career was shaped in Memphis, where he recorded some of his first tracks with legendary producer Sam Phillips at Sun Studio. To fully appreciate his influence, visit the Blues Hall of Fame Museum and delve into Memphis' rich blues history at the Memphis Rock 'n' Soul Museum. 

For a more immersive experience, check out live performances at the Rum Boogie Café's Blues Hall Juke Joint on Beale Street, where the spirit of Howlin' Wolf's music lives on.

Memphis' modern music makers

While Memphis is famous for its legendary past, its music scene is far from resting on its laurels. Today's Memphis artists are not just honouring that storied legacy; they're reinventing it. 

For instance, did you know that pop star Justin Timberlake was born and raised in Memphis? As one of the city's most celebrated exports, his music draws on the soulful rhythms and rich melodies of his hometown. In fact, the opening track on his latest album is simply titled "Memphis". 

In hip-hop, artists like Yo Gotti defined a new generation of Memphis musicians. With his raw, authentic sound, Gotti made a name for himself but also lifted other local talents through his label, CMG. 

Or take Valerie June, with her mesmerising blend of folk, blues, and soul, adding yet another layer to Memphis' evolving musical identity. Her distinct style showcases the city's ongoing spirit of innovation – proof its creative traditions remain alive and well.

The Memphis Sound: where to experience it today

Memphis is more than just a city of musical history. It's a living, breathing hub where blues, soul, and rock 'n' roll continue thriving. Whether you're a lifelong fan or a curious newcomer, there are countless ways to immerse yourself in the sounds of Memphis – past and present.

Beale Street: Stroll down Beale Street to experience the vibrant mix of Memphis sounds. This historic thoroughfare is lined with clubs and bars where live performances of blues, rock, and modern genres spill into the night. Venues like B.B. King's Blues Club and Rum Boogie Café offer a raw, authentic taste of the city's musical spirit. 

Sun Studio: Known as the "Birthplace of Rock 'n' Roll," Sun Studio is essential for any music enthusiast. Take a guided tour to see where legends like Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash recorded their first hits. The studio still operates today, recording contemporary artists and bridging Memphis' rich musical past with its vibrant present. 

Stax Museum of American Soul Music: Situated on the original site of Stax Records, this museum honours the artists who defined the Memphis Sound with exhibits featuring instruments, stage costumes and memorabilia from soul legends like Otis Redding and Isaac Hayes. The museum also connects the legacy of soul music to its influence on modern artists.

Railgarten: An eclectic venue that reflects Memphis' diverse music scene, Railgarten features live performances ranging from indie rock to electronic music. Its indoor-outdoor setting and varied programming highlight how Memphis' musical heritage continues inspiring contemporary artists. 

Overton Park Shell: A historic venue hosting performances that bridge Memphis' musical heritage and modern sounds. Originally built in 1928 (and the location of Elvis's first paid concert), the Shell was revitalised to offer events and concerts featuring local artists and new talents. 

The Blues Hall of Fame: Located near Beale Street, this museum celebrates influential artists who shaped the blues. With interactive exhibits and rare recordings, it provides a look at the genre's history while acknowledging the ongoing contributions of modern blues musicians.

Summary

As we've seen, Memphis is a city where the past and present collide. The city honours its rich heritage while nurturing new talent, ensuring the sounds of blues, soul and rock 'n' roll remain as vibrant today as they were decades ago. 

To experience the haunting strains of the blues and the soul-stirring melodies of Stax, explore our Rhythms of the South Tour. Beyond Memphis, you'll delve into the jazz of New Orleans, the country music of Nashville and the fascinating history and culture of America's southern states.

Peter Stannett

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Peter is our content writer and SEO specialist, helping keep our content current and monitoring website traffic.

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